先進化工實業有限公司--稀土金屬化合物 RARE EARTH

稀　土　金　屬

Metal Rare Earth

各種應用
鈰 (Ce, Cerium)	鏑 (Dy, Dysprosium)	鉺 (Er, Erbium)
銪 (Eu, Europium)	釓 (Gd, Gadolinium)	鈥 (Ho, Holmium)
鑭 (La, Lanthanum)	鎦 (Lu, Lutetium)	釹 (Nd, Neodymium)
鐠 (Pr, Praseodymium)	鈧 (Sc, Scandium)	釤 (Sm, Samarium)
鋱 (Tb, Terbium)	銩 (Tm, Thulium)	釔 (Y, Yttrium)
鐿 (Yb, Ytterbium)	混合物

先進化工實業有限公司

台中市太平區樹德一街56號

電話：04-23951688

傳真：04-23982633

信箱： twacc@twacc.com.tw

Advantaged Chemical Co., Ltd.

No.56, Shude 1st St., Taiping Dist., Taichung City 411, Taiwan (R.O.C.)

Tel : +886-4-23951688

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各種應用                top

　　稀土元素是鑭系元素系稀土類元素群的總稱，包含鈧Sc、釔Y及鑭系中的鑭La、鈰Ce、鐠Pr、

釹Nd、釤Sm、銪Eu、釓Gd、鋱Tb、鏑Dy、鈥Ho、鉺Er、銩Tm、鐿Yb、鎦Lu，共17個元素。

稀土元素分爲「輕稀土元素」和「重稀土元素」”：

「輕稀土元素」指原子序數較小的鈧Sc、釔Y和鑭La、鈰Ce、鐠Pr、釹Nd、釤Sm、銪Eu。

「重稀土元素」原子序數比較大的釓Gd、鋱Tb、鏑Dy、鈥Ho、鉺Er、銩Tm、鐿Yb、鎦Lu。

　　據經濟專家分析，稀土原料是電子、信息、激光、電磁、新材料等戰略産業必須的原料，

釹、釤、鉺、釔、銪、銩、鈥等均離不開稀土。世界各國對稀土與能源有關領域的研究給予極

大重視。稀土資源發展前景極其光明，目前全世界稀土市場每年需求折合成稀土氧化物約８～９

萬噸。

　　目前稀土元素的應用蓬勃發展，已擴展到科學技術的各個方面，尤其現代一些新型功能性材

料的研製和應用，稀土元素已成爲不可缺少的原料。它被稱作新材料的“寶庫”，是材料科學家最

關注的一組元素，被多個國家政府列爲發展高科技産業的關鍵元素。經過100余年的不斷發展，

現在，我們身邊的各類物品中，含有稀土元素的真是不勝枚舉：每個人每天通過彩色電視機欣賞

節目，在那美妙無比的五光十色背後，釔和銪起了重要作用；照相機鏡頭裏含有鑭；石英表、小

型錄放影機裏裝有由釤或釹做成的永久磁鐵；汽車用的汽油，實際上是經過含鑭、鈰等元素的催

化劑提煉出來的。

以下是稀土元素在各領域的應用：

1. 磁性材料：釹、釤、鐠、鏑等是製造現代超級永磁材料的主要原料，其磁性高出普通永磁材

　　　　　　料４～10倍，廣泛應用于電視機、音響、醫療設備、磁浮列車及軍事工業等高科

　　　　　　技領域。據專家預測，本世紀末此類材料産值將達到35億美元。

2. 儲氫材料：稀土與過渡元素的金屬間化合物MMNi5(MM爲混合稀土金屬)和LaNi5是優良的吸氫

　　　　　　材料，被稱爲「氫海綿」。

3. 精密陶瓷：經氧化釔穩定的氧化鎬是性能十分優異的結構陶瓷，可製作各種特殊用途的刀剪；

　　　　　　可以製作汽車發動機，因其具有高導熱、低膨脹系數、熱穩定性能好、在1650℃下

　　　　　　工作強度不降低，有發動機馬力大、省燃料等優點

4. 催  化  劑：稀土除用于製造石油裂化催化劑外，廣泛應用于很多化學反應，如稀土氧化物La2O3、

　　　　　　Nd2O3和Sm2O3用於環己烷脫氫製苯，用LnCoO3代替鉑催化氧化氨製硝酸。並在合成

　　　　　　異戊橡膠、順丁橡膠的生産中作爲催化劑。

5. 電光源工業領域：稀土作爲熒光燈的發光材料，是節能性的光源，特點是光效好、光色好、壽命長。

　　　　　　比白熾燈可節電 75～80%。

6. 顯示器的發光材料：稀土元素中釔、銪是紅色螢光粉的主要原料，廣泛應用於彩色電視機、計算機

　　　　　　及各種顯示器。

7. 激光材料：稀土離子是固體激光材料和無機液體激光材料的最主要的催化劑，其中以摻Nd3+的激光

　　　　　　材料研究得最多，除釔鋁石榴石(YAG)、鋁酸釔(YAP)玻璃等基本質外，高稀土濃度激光

　　　　　　材料可能稱爲特殊應用的材料。目前許多國家已廣泛使用摻有稀土元素的晶體作激光器。

8. 冶金工業領域：稀土在冶金工業中應用量很大，約占稀土總用量的1/3。稀土元素容易與氧和硫生成

　　　　　　高熔點且在高溫下塑性很小的氧化物、硫化物以及硫氧化合物等，鋼水中加入稀土，可

　　　　　　起脫硫及脫氧作用，改善鋼的常、低溫韌性、斷裂性、減少某些鋼的熱脆性並能改善加

　　　　　　熱工性和焊接件的牢固性。

9. 石油化工領域：稀土用於石油裂化工業中的稀土分子篩裂化催化劑，特點是活性高、選擇性好、汽油

　　　　　　的生産率高。稀土在這方面的用量很大。

10. 玻璃工業領域：稀土在玻璃工業中有三個應用：玻璃著色、玻璃脫色和製備特種性能的玻璃。用於玻

　　　　　　璃著色的稀土氧化物有釹（粉紅色並帶有紫色光澤）、鐠玻璃為綠色（製造濾光片）等；

　　　　　　二氧化鈰可將玻璃中呈黃綠色的二價鐵，氧化成三價鐵而脫色，避免了過去使用砷氧化物的

　　　　　　毒性，還可以加入氧化釹進行脫色；稀土特種玻璃如鈰玻璃（防幅射玻璃）、鑭玻璃（光學

　　　　　　玻璃）。

11. 陶瓷工業領域：稀土可加入陶瓷和瓷釉之中，減少釉破裂並使其具有光澤。稀土更主要用作瓷器的顏

　　　　　　料，稀土氧化物可以製造耐高溫透明陶瓷(應用于激光等領域)、耐高溫坩埚(冶金)。

12. 其他領域：

　　衆所周知，製造槍炮、炸彈、飛機、汽車、坦克、軍艦等用的特種鋼鐵；交通電信、電機用導線等，

大多是多種金屬的合成産物；各種動力設備，發動機之發動需要燃料，煤炭和石油不可缺少；軍用建築、

軍用設備，包括部分軍用物資如軍用服裝等，需用非金屬材料；製造原子彈氫彈，少不了鈾礦等放射性礦

産品；如釔鋁榴石激光測距儀測距可達4,000 ～20,000米，精度爲±5 米。據稱，美、德、日、英、以色列的

坦克等武器系統均采用這類激光測距儀。

　　水同樣是一種礦産資源，軍隊活動或集結，人馬車輛需要大量水源供給。所以，離開了資源，軍事

活動就不可能展開。但是，這其中很多資源的獲取或者合成都和一種資源有關，那就是：稀土元素。

鈰 (Ce, Cerium) top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Applications
Cerium Acetate	Ce(O₂C₂H₃)₃.xH₂O	99.9% 99.5% 99%	White crystal powder	Electronics
Cerium Ammonium Nitrate	(NH₄)₂Ce(NO₃)₆	99.99% 99.9% 99%	White powder	Catalyst; Glass; Electronics
Cerium Ammonium Sulfate	Ce(NH₄)₄.(SO₄)₄.xH₂O	99.99% 99.9% 99%	White lump	Catalyst; Glass; Electronics
Cerium Carbonate	Ce₂(CO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.99% 99.95% 99.9% 99.5% 99% 95%	White material	FCC Catalyst; Glass; Polishing powder; Ceramics
Cerium Chloride	CeCl₃.xH₂O	99.99% 99.9% 99%	White lump or crystal powder	Catalyst; Phophors
Cerium Fluoride	CeF₃	99.9%	White powder	Phosphors
Cerium Hydroxide	Ce(OH)₄.xH₂O	99.99% 99.9% 99% 95%	White or yellow powder	FCC Catalyst; Glass; Polishing powder
Cerium Metal	Ce	99.9% 99%	Silver grey ingot, foils, wires	Metallurgy
Cerium Mischmetal	MM	50% 48% 45%	Silver grey ingot or piece, wires	Metallurgy; Inoculant & nodulariser Flint
Cerium Nitrate	Ce(NO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.99% 99.95% 99.9% 99%	White material	FCC Catalyst; Glass; Polishing powder
Cerium Oxide	CeO₂	99.999% 99.99% 99.95% 99.9% 99.5% 99% 98%	Powders with various colors against the different grade: Yellow, Tan, Light yellow, White	FCC Catalyst; Glass production; Polishing powder; Ceramics; Crystals; Phosphors
Cerium Oxalate	Ce₂(C₂O₄)₃.9H₂O	99.99% 99.95% 99.9% 99.5% 99%	White or light yellow color material	FCC Catalyst; Glass production; Polishing powder; Crystals; Phosphors
Cerium Sulfate	Ce(SO₄)₂.xH₂O	99.9% 99%	Light yellow powder	Catalyst; Electronics
Cerium Sulfide	Ce₂S₃	99%	Red powder	Pigment

鏑 (Dy, Dysprosium) top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Application
Dysprosium Alloy	DyFe DyCo		Silver color pieces	Magnetic materials
Dysprosium Acetate	Dy₂(O₂C₂H₃)₃.xH₂O	99.5% 99%	White crystal powder	Electronics
Dysprosium Carbonate	Dy₂(CO₃)₃.xH₂O	99%	White color materials	Glass
Dysprosium Chloride	DyCl₃.6H₂O	99%	White color materials	Lasers
Dysprosium Fluoride	DyF₃	99.9% 99.5% 99%	Pale yellow	Metallurgy
Dysprosium Metal	Dy	99.99% 99.95% 99.9% 99.5% 99%	Silver gray pieces or wires, rods, foils	Megnets; Sputtering target; Nuclear industry; Terfenol-D
Dysprosium Oxalate	Dy₂(C₂O₄)₃.10H₂O	99%	White color materials	Glass
Dysprosium Oxide	Dy₂O₃	99.99% 99.95% 99.9% 99.5% 99%	White powder	Dopant; Metal halide lamp; Nuclear industry
Dysprosium Sulphate	Dy₂(SO₄)₃.6H₂O	99%	White color materials	Medical

鉺 (Er, Erbium) top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Application
Erbium Acetate	Er(O₂C₂H₃)₃.xH₂O	99.9% 99%	Pink color materials	Nuclear reactors; Optic fiber
Erbium Chloride	ErCl₃.6H₂O	99.999% 99.99% 99.9%	Light peach materials	Optic fiber
Erbium Fluoride	ErF₃	99.9% 99%	Light peach powder	Fiber optics
Erbium Metal	Er	99.9% 99%	Silver grey pieces or rods, foils, powder	Nuclear reactors; Optic fiber
Erbium Nitrate	Er(NO₃)₃.5H₂O	99.99% 99.9%	Light peach powder	Optic fiber
Erbium Oxide	Er₂O₃	99.999% 99.99% 99.95% 99.9% 99.5% 99% 96%	Peach powder	Optical glass; Nuclear reactors; Optic fiber; Pigment
Erbium Sulphate	Er₂(SO₄)₃.8H₂O	99.99% 99.9%	Light peach materials	Pigment

銪 (Eu, Europium) top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Application
Europium Acetate	Eu(O₂C₂H₃)₃.xH₂O	99.999% 99.99% 99.95%	White powder	Phosphor
Europium Carbonate	Eu₂(CO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.99% 99.9%	White powder	Phosphor
Europium Chloride	EuCl₃.6H₂O	99.99% 99.9%	White materials	Phosphor
Europium Fluoride	EuF₃	99.9%	White powder	Metallurgy
Europium Metal	Eu	99.999% 99.99% 99.95% 99.9% 99%	Silver grey pieces	Nuclear industry; Specialty alloy
Europium Nitrate	Eu(NO₃)₃.6H₂O	99.99% 99.9%	White materials	Tri-band Phosphor
Europium Oxalate	Eu₂(C₂O₄)₃.xH₂O	99.99% 99.9%	White materials	Phosphor
Europium Oxide	Eu₂O₃	99.9999% 99.999% 99.995% 99.99% 99.9% 99.5% 99%	Pinkish white powder	Phosphor for CRT & three bands lamps; Plat plasma Screen; Nuclear industry
Europium Sulphate	Eu₂(SO₄)₃.8H₂O	99.99% 99.9%	White materials	Phosphor
Yttrium/Europium Co-Precipitated Oxide	(Y/Eu)₂O₃	4.00% 4.50% 5.40% 6.50%	White powder	Phosphor for CRT & three bands lamps
Yttrium/Europium/Terbium Co-Precipitated Oxide	(Y/Eu)₂O₃:Tb₄O₇	25ppm	White powder	Phosphor for CRT & three bands lamps

釓 (Gd, Gadolinium) top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Application
Gadolinium Acetate	Gd(O₂C₂H₃)₃.4H₂O	99.999% 99.99% 99.95%	White powder	Phosphor; Ceramics
Gadolinium Carbonate	Gd₂(CO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.9% 99%	White powder	Ceramics
Gadolinium Chloride	GdCl₃.6H₂O	99.99% 99.9% 99%	White color wet materials	Optics
Gadolinium Fluoride	GdF₃	99.9% 99%	White powder	Glass
Gadolinium Metal	Gd	99.99% 99.95% 99.9% 99%	Silver gray ingots or pieces, wires, rods, foils	Alloys; Magnets; Nuclear industry
Gadolinium Nitrate	Gd(NO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.99% 99.9% 99%	White color wet materials	Phosphor
Gadolinium Oxalate	Gd₂(C₂O₄)₃.10H₂O	99.99% 99.9% 99%	White color wet materials	Phosphor
Gadolinium Oxide	Gd₂O₃	99.999% 99.99% 99.9% 99.5% 99%	White powder	Phosphor; Neutron absorption; Optical glass; Electronic; GGG materials; Crystals; Ceramics

鈥 (Ho, Holmium) top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Application
Holmium Acetate	Ho(O₂C₂H₃)₃.xH₂O	99.9% 99%	White powder	Lasers
Holmium Carbonate	Ho₂(CO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.9% 99%	White color materials	Crystal
Holmium Chloride	HoCl₃.6H₂O	99.9% 99%	White color materials	Lasers
Holmium Fluoride	HoF₃	99%	White powder	Glass
Holmium Metal	Ho	99.99% 99.9% 99%	Silver gray pieces or wires, rods, foils	Sputtering target; Superalloy; Megnetics materials
Holmium Oxalate	Ho₂(C₂O₄)₃.6H₂O	99%	White color materials	Glass
Holmium Oxide	Ho₂O₃	99.999% 99.99% 99.9% 99.5%	Light yellow	Dopant; Metal halide lamp; Dopant for YIG, YLF & YAG lasers
Holmium Sulphate	Ho₂(SO₄)₃.6H₂O	99%	Light yellow materials	Glass

鑭 (La, Lanthanum) top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Application
Lanthanum Acetate	La(O₂C₂H₃)₃.xH₂O	99.99% 99.9% 99%	White material	Catalysts; Ceramics
Lanthanum Boride	LaB₆	99%	Purple color powder, cathodes, filaments	LaB6 cathodes
Lanthanum Carbonate	La₂(CO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.999% 99.995% 99.99% 99.9% 99%	White material	Catalysts; Ceramics; Medicine
Lanthanum Cerium Terbium Oxide	(La,Ce,Tb)xOy	99.99%	Brown color powder	Phosphor
Lanthanum Chloride	LaCl₃.xH₂O	99.99% 99.9% 99% 96%	White crystal or lump	Catalysts; Water treatment
Lanthanum Fluoride	LaF₃	99.99% 99.9% 99%	White powder	Fiber optics; Radiation; Fluorescent lamp; Electrode
Lanthanum Metal	La	99.9% 99%	Silver gray pieces, ingot, wires, foils	Hydrogen storage material; Metallurgy; Alloy
Lanthanum Nitrate	La(NO₃)₃.6H₂O	99.99% 99.9%	White color material	Catalysts; Ceramics
Lanthanum Oxalate	La₂(C₂O₄)₃.9H₂O	99.999% 99.995% 99.99% 99.9%	White color material	Catalysts; Phosphors
Lanthanum Oxide	La₂O₃	99.999% 99.995% 99.99% 99.9% 99.5% 99% 96%	White powder	Optical glass; Catalysts; Ceramics; Electronic; Crystals; Phosphors

鎦 (Lu, Lutetium) top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Appication
Lutetium Acetate	Lu(O₂C₂H₃)₃.xH₂O	99.9% 99%	White powder	Lasers
Lutetium Chloride	LuCl₃.6H₂O	99.9%	White color material	Single crystal scintillator
Lutetium Fluoride	LuF₃	99.9%	White powder	Glass
Lutetium Metal	Lu	99.99% 99.9%	Silver gray ingots or pieces, wires, rods, powder	Alloys; Ceramics
Lutetium Nitrate	Lu(NO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.99% 99.9%	White color material	Glass; Phosphor; Ceramics
Lutetium Oxide	Lu₂O₃	99.9999% 99.999% 99.99% 99.9% 99%	White powder	LSO laser crystal; Electronics; Nuclear industry; Phosphor; Ceramics
Lutetium Sulphate	Lu₂(SO₄)₃.8H₂O	99.9%	White color material	Glass

釹 (Nd, Neodymium) top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Application
Neodymium Acetate	Nd(O₂C₂H₃)₃.xH₂O	99.9% 99%	Purple powder	Glass; MLCC capacitor
Neodymium Alloy	Nd-Dy Nd-Fe Nd-Fe-B Nd-Fe-Dy		Silver gray ingots or pieces	NdFeB magnets
Neodymium Carbonate	Nd₂(CO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.9% 99%	Pink/Purple powder	Glass; MLCC capacitor
Neodymium Chloride	NdCl₃.xH₂O	99.9% 99%	Pink color material	Catalysts; Ceramics
Neodymium Fluoride	NdF₃	99.9% 99%	Purple color powder	Alloys; Magnets
Neodymium-Iron-Boron Alloy	NdFeB		Silver gray ingots or pieces	Alloys Magnets;
Neodymium Metal	Nd	99.99% 99.9% 99% 97%	Silver gray ingots or pieces, wires, rods, powder, foils	Alloys; Magnets
Neodymium Nitrate	Nd(NO₃)₃.6H₂O	99.9% 99%	Pink color material	Electric capacitor; Rubber additives
Neodymium Oxalate	Nd₂(C₂O₄)₃.10H₂O	99.9% 99%	Pink color material	Glass; Ceramics
Neodymium Oxide	Nd₂O₃	99.999% 99.99% 99.9% 99%	Pale violet powder	Glass; Ceramics; Alloy; Laser crystal; Electric capacitor; Rubber additives
Neodymium Sulphate	Nd₂(SO₄)₃.8H₂O	99%	Pink color material	Glass; Ceramics

鐠 (Pr, Praseodymium) top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Application
Praseodymium Acetate	Pr(O₂C₂H₃)₃.xH₂O	99.9% 99%	Brown materials	Pigments; Glass; Ceramics
Praseodymium Carbonate	Pr₂(CO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.5% 99%	Dark brown materials	Pigments; Glass; Ceramics
Praseodymium Chloride	PrCl₃.xH₂O	99.5% 99%	Dark brown materials	Pigments
Praseodymium Fluoride	PrF₃	99.5% 99%	Green powder	Additives in electric arc carbon bar
Praseodymium Metal	Pr	99.9% 99% 97%	Silver gray ingots or pieces, wires, rods	Magnets; Alloys; Catalysts; Phosphor
Praseodymium Nitrate	Pr(NO)₃.xH₂O	99.5% 99%	Dark brown materials	Pigments; Glass; Ceramics
Praseodymium Oxalate	Pr₂(C₂O₄)₃.xH₂O	99.5% 99%	Dark brown materials	Glass; Ceramics
Praseodymium Oxide	Pr₆O₁₁	99.9% 99.5% 99% 98%	Dark brown powder	Pigments; Glass; Ceramics
Praseodymium Sulphate	Pr₂(SO₄)₃.8H₂O	99.5% 99%	Dark brown materials	Pigments

鈧 (Sc, Scandium) top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Application
Scandium-Aluminum Alloy	Sc-Al	2%	Silver gray pieces, ingot, lump, wire	Nuclear industry;
Scandium Fluoride	ScF₃	99.99%	White powder	Ceramics; Phosphor;
Scandium Metal	Sc	99.99% 99.9% 99%	Silver gray pieces, ingot, lump, wire	Alloys; Nuclear industry;
Scandium Oxide	Sc₂O₃	99.999% 99.99% 99.9% 99%	White color powder	Electronics; Nuclear industry; CRT Phosphor; Ceramics;

釤 (Sm, Samarium) top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Application
Samarium Acetate	Sm(O₂C₂H₃)₃.xH₂O	99.9%	Light yellow material	Ceramics; Glass
Samarium Alloy	SmCo		Silver gray ingots or pieces	Magnets
Samarium Carbonate	Sm₂(CO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.9%	Light yellow material	Ceramics; Glass
Samarium Chloride	SmCl₃.xH₂O	99.9%	Light yellow material	Ceramics; Glass; Neutron absorption
Samarium Fluoride	SmF₃	99.95% 99.9% 99%	White powder	Ceramics; Glass
Samarium Metal	Sm	99.9% 99%	Silver gray ingots or pieces, wires, rods, powder, foils	Magnets
Samarium Oxalate	Sm(C₂O₄)₃.9H₂O	99.9%	Light yellow material	Ceramics; Glass; Neutron absorption
Samarium Oxide	Sm₂O₃	99.99% 99.9% 99.5% 99%	Light yellow powder	Catalysts; Ceramics; Glass; Neutron absorption
Samarium Sulphate	Sm₂(SO₄)₃.8H₂O	99.9%	Light yellow material	Glass

鋱 (Tb, Terbium) top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Application
Terbium Acetate	Tb(O₂C₂H₃)₃.xH₂O	99.99% 99.95% 99.9%	Brown material	Ceramics
Terbium Carbonate	Tb₂(CO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.9%	Brown material	Ceramics
Terbium Chloride	TbCl₃.6H₂O	99.99% 99.9%	Brown material	Ceramics
Terbium Fluoride	TbF₃	99.9%	Brown color powder	Ceramics
Terbium Metal	Tb	99.99% 99.95% 99.9% 99.5%	Silver gray pieces or wires, rods, powder,foils	Magnets; Specialty Alloys; Nuclear industry
Terbium Nitrate	Tb(NO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.99% 99.9%	Brown material	Ceramics; Phosphor
Terbium Oxalate	Tb₂(C₂O₄)₃.10H₂O	99.99% 99.95% 99.9%	Brown material	Phosphor
Terbium Oxide	Tb₄O₇	99.99% 99.95% 99.9%	Brown color powder	Ceramics; Phosphor; Dopant & additives
Terbium Sulphate	Tb₂(SO₄)₃.8H₂O	99.9%	Brown material	Ceramics; Phosphor; Dopant & additives
Yttrium/Terbium Co-Precipitated Oxide	Y₂O₃:Tb	25ppm	White powder	Phosphor

銩 (Tm, Thulium) top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Application
Thulium Acetate	Tm(O₂C₂H₃)₃.xH₂O	99.99% 99.95%	White powder	X-ray & CRT Phosphor; Ceramics
Thulium Carbonate	Tm₂(CO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.99% 99.9%	White powder	X-ray & CRT Phosphor; Ceramics; Electronics;
Thulium Chloride	TmCl₃.7H₂O	99.99% 99%	White material	Medical imaging; X-ray phosphor CRT;
Thulium Fluoride	TmF₃	99.99% 99%	White color powder	Ceramics
Thulium Metal	Tm	99.99% 99%	Silver gray pieces or wires, rods, powder, foils	Superalloy; Sputtering target
Thulium Nitrate	Tm(NO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.99% 99.9%	White materials	Ceramics; Electronics
Thulium Oxalate	Tm₂(C₂O₄)₃.6H₂O	99.99% 99%	White color material	Ceramics
Thulium Oxide	Tm₂O₃	99.999% 99.99% 99.9% 99%	White color powder	X-ray & CRT Phosphor; Ceramics; Electronics;

釔 (Y, Yttrium) top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Application
Yttrium Acetate	Y(O₂C₂H₃)₃.4H₂O	99.99%	White color material	Ceramics
Yttrium Carbonate	Y₂(CO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.999% 99.995% 99.99% 99.9% 99%	White color material	Ceramics; Glass; Phosphor
Yttrium Chloride	YCl₃.6H₂O	99.99% 99.9% 99%	White color material	Ceramics; Catalysts; Phosphor
Yttrium/Europium Co-Precipitated Oxide	(Y/Eu)₂O₃	95.40% 94.60% 93.50%	White powder	CRT & lamp Phosphor
Yttrium/Europium/Terbium Co-Precipitated Oxide	(Y/Eu)₂O₃:Tb₄O₇	99.99%	White powder	CRT & lamp Phosphor
Yttrium Fluoride	YF₃	99.99% 99.9% 99%	White powder	Glass; Fiber optics
Yttrium Metal	Y	99.999% 99.99% 99%	Silver gray ingots or pieces, wires, rods, powder, foils	Specialty Alloys; Ceramics; Nuclear industry
Yttrium Nitrate	Y(NO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.99% 99.95% 99.9% 99%	White color granules	Ceramics; Catalysts; Phosphor
Yttrium Oxalate	Y₂(C₂O₄)₃.10H₂O	99.999% 99.99% 99.9%	White color material	Glass; Fiber optics
Yttrium Oxide	Y₂O₃	99.9999% 99.999% 99.995% 99.99% 99.95% 99.9% 99.5% 99%	White powder	Ceramics; Catalysts; Phosphor; Crystal; Jewelry; Optical lasers
Yttrium-Aluminum Alloy	Y-Al	87%	Silver gray ingots or pieces	Metallurgy
Yttrium Sulphate	Y₂(SO₄)₃.6H₂O	99.99% 99.9% 99%	White color material	Ceramics; Phosphor

鐿 (Yb, Ytterbium) top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Application
Ytterbium Acetate	Yb(O₂C₂H₃)₃.4H₂O	99.99% 99.95%	White powder	Catalysts; Ceramics; Phosphor
Ytterbium Carbonate	Yb₂(CO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.9% 99%	White powder	Ceramics
Ytterbium Chloride	YbCl₃.6H₂O	99.9% 99%	White color material	Catalysts; Ceramics; Phosphor
Ytterbium Fluoride	YbF₃	99.99% 99.95% 99.9%	White powder	Glass; Laser Crystal
Ytterbium Metal	Yb	99.99% 99.95% 99.9% 99%	Silver gray pieces or wires, rods, powder, foil	Alloys; Nuclear industry
Ytterbium Nitrate	Yb(NO₃)₃.xH₂O	99.9% 99%	White color material	Ceramics;
Ytterbium Oxalate	Yb₂(C₂O₄)₃.10H₂O	99.9% 99%	White color material	Ceramics;
Ytterbium Oxide	Yb₂O₃	99.999% 99.99% 99.95% 99.9% 99.5% 99%	White powder	Ceramics; Phosphor; Laser Crystal; Dopant for YAG Crystal
Ytterbium Sulphate	Yb₂(SO₄)₃.6H₂O	99.99% 99.9% 99%	White color material	Ceramics; Phosphor

混合物 top

Name	Formula	Grade	Description	Application
Rare Earth Carbonate	RE₂(CO₃)₃.xH₂O	Mixed Eu-less La-Rich Ce-Rich	White powder	Catalysts; Glass industry; Ceramics
Rare Earth Chloride	RECl₃.6H₂O	Mixed Electrolysis La-Rich Catalyst	White lumps	Catalysts; Environment treatment; Fertilizers
Rare Earth Fluoride	REF₃	83% 81%	Tan powder	Glass;
Rare Earth Mischmetal	MM	50% 48% 45%	Silver grey ingot or piece	Metallurgy; Inoculant & nodulariser Flint
Rare Earth Nitrate	RE(NO3)₃.6H₂O	37%	Tan materials	Catalysts
Rare Earth Oxide	RE₂O₃	95% 92% 80%	Tan color powder	Glass; Ceramics
Rare Earth Polishing Powder	CeO₂	For glass For CRT For lens For watch	Tan or yellow color powder	Glass, Lens, Crystal, CRT glass polishing